Faculty of Veterinary Medicine MSc Program http://upei.ca/avc/graduatestudies

Faculty of Science MSc Program http://upei.ca/science/graduateprogram

A) GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE PROGRAM

The MSc degree of the University of Prince Edward Island requires the demonstration of a reasonable mastery of a concentrated field of study. The latter is attested by the achieving of satisfactory standings in the minimum number of graduate courses required by the respective Faculty, the completion of a research project, and the writing of a thesis based upon the research.

There will be considerable interaction and co-operation among the departments/faculties to provide courses and research facilities to meet the needs of individual students and their research projects.

In addition to the “General Regulations for Graduate Programs,” described above, the following regulations apply specifically to the Master’s degree:

Residency Requirements

Normally, at least two semesters of full-time study in residence at the University must be devoted to the Master’s program if the student is admitted as a regular student. For a regular student admitted to a part-time study program, the residency period is based on the equivalence of three part-time semesters to one full-time semester. A student, admitted as a provisional student requiring two semesters in that category, must spend at least one additional semester as a regular full-time student to meet the residency requirement. Upon completion of the residency requirement the student is then eligible to become a candidate for the MSc degree.

Normally, the thesis must be formally submitted or the program be otherwise complete within 48 months of the completion of the residency requirement. Departure from these normal requirements requires approval from the Graduate Studies Committee.

B) COURSES

Prescribed Studies

The proportion of weight attached to the research and thesis may vary, even within a department/faculty. Accordingly, the number of courses and/or general examinations may correspondingly vary. In no case, however, will the minimum requirements be less than those outlined in the following two paragraphs. For graduate credit, the courses selected must be acceptable to the department/faculty and the Graduate Studies Committee. The candidate must maintain a cumulative average grade of at least a B standing (see Grades in General Regulations section) in the substantive courses outlined below in order to maintain registration in the program.

A department/faculty may require examinations (oral and/or written), from time to time, to evaluate the student’s progress in his/her overall program.

Additional Courses

In addition to these prescribed studies, the candidate may undertake to achieve satisfactory standings in courses supportive of the special discipline. These courses may be at either the undergraduate or the graduate level. The standings obtained in them will not affect the average grade of the prescribed studies.

C) THE THESIS

Research

Normally, the equivalent of at least two full-time semesters must be devoted to research in fulfilment of the thesis requirement. Summers during which research work is actively conducted may be counted as research semester equivalents, even though courses would not normally be offered at that time. In order to avoid undue prolongation of the time required to complete the degree, the research topic should be identified early and approved by the Supervisory Committee. Research involving the use of animals must follow the Guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care.

Thesis

Each candidate for the degree of Master of Science is required to submit a thesis based upon the research conducted under supervision as described above. The thesis must demonstrate the candidate’s capacity for original and independent work, and should include a critical evaluation of work which has previously been done in the field of his or her research. The thesis should emphasize any new conclusions which may be drawn from the candidate’s own research.

General specifications as to paper, format, order, and binding are available from the Office of the Program Administrator.

Procedures

The thesis may be handed in at any time of the year, but candidates must bear in mind the desirability of having the final examination as much in advance of the deadline date for thesis submission as possible. Candidates are advised to inform themselves of the deadlines schedule, a copy of which may be obtained in the Office of the Program Administrator. It is desirable that each candidate initiate discussion about examination dates with the Supervisor early in the final semester.

The candidate should keep in close touch with the Supervisor and the Supervisory Committee, throughout the preparation of the thesis. The final draft of the thesis, after it has been reviewed by all members of the Supervisory Committee, is sent when ready for examination, to the members of the Master’s Examination Committee (see below).

Following the Master’s Examination, the candidate, if successful, arranges for the preparation of the thesis in final form, and for its submission to the Program Administrator (see below). The thesis in final form must include any minor corrections or revisions indicated during the Examination. Approval of the thesis takes the form of a Certificate of Approval, signed by the Examination Committee.

The Master’s Examination

The final oral examination, devoted chiefly to the defence of the thesis, is an examination identified as the Master’s Examination and carried out by the Master’s Examination Committee.

The Department Chair selects the Examination Committee at the request of the Supervisor and is responsible for notifying the Program Administrator of its composition. The Examination is normally open to the public; however, members of the audience may question the candidate only upon invitation of the Chair of the Committee.

The Examination is passed and the thesis approved if there is no more than one negative vote, an abstention being regarded as a negative vote. The report, from the Department Chair to the Program Administrator, records the result as “unsatisfactory” or “satisfactory.” If the result is “unsatisfactory,” the candidate may be given the opportunity by the Master’s Examination Committee of a second attempt. A second “unsatisfactory” result will terminate candidacy at this university.

MSc Program (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)

The graduate students will register in one of the four academic departments listed below and in one of the designated areas of specialization:

Department of Biomedical Sciences
Animal Behaviour
Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology
Cell and Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Endocrinology

Department of Companion Animals
Anesthesiology
Cardiology                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Dermatology
Diagnostic Imaging
Small Animal Medicine
Small Animal Surgery                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Zoo, Exotics & Wildlife Animal Medicine

Department of Health Management
Epidemiology/Health Management
Animal Science and Animal Nutrition
Clinical Sciences
Aquatic Animal Health
Animal Welfare
Biostatistics
Public Health

Department of Pathology and Microbiology
Morphologic Pathology
Wildlife Pathology
Clinical Pathology
Parasitology
Virology
Bacteriology
Public Health
Immunology
Aquatic Animal Health
Biosecurity

Substantive courses are graduate level courses assigned a minimum of two credit hours. Students are required to complete courses totalling a minimum of twelve credit hours. Within this course complement there must be at least four substantive courses and the appropriate departmental Seminar course (one credit). Only one of the substantive courses may be a Directed Studies Course. All students are expected to complete VHM 8010 (Veterinary Biostatistics) unless comparable training has been completed prior to entry into the program.

When a student is required to register in a seminar or colloquium course in more than one semester, the record will show a grade or a designation of “In Progress” for semesters prior to completion of the course and “Pass” or “Fail” for the final semester. With the consent of the Supervisory Committee, and of the instructor and the Department Chair concerned, a student may register for, and audit, all or part of a course. It is understood that the student will attend lectures as prescribed, but will not write any examination or receive any grade. Such a course may be recorded as an additional course, identified by AUD.

The Master’s Examination Committee normally consists of five members as follows:

i. two graduate faculty of the Department, who are not members of the Supervisory Committee, one of whom is appointed by the Department Chair to act as chair of the Master’s Examination and to make the arrangements therefore;

ii. the Supervisor of the candidate’s research;

iii. one additional member of the Supervisory Committee;

iv. one member of the graduate faculty from a department other than that in which the student is registered.

MSc Program (Faculty of Science)

The graduate students will register in one of the designated areas of specialization listed below:

• Molecular and Macromolecular Sciences (MMS)
• Environmental Sciences (ESC)
• Human Biology (HB)
• Sustainable Design Engineering (SDE)
• Mathematical and Computational Sciences (MCS)

Students are required to take a minimum of three graduate level courses, all of which are to be regarded as substantive. (In the MCS specialization, a minimum of four substantive graduate level courses are required, including MCS 8920 (a requirement)). A Seminar course (MMS 8900 or ESC 8900 or HB 8900 or SDE 8900 or MCS 8900) is required. Students may take only one Directed Studies course (MMS 8810 or ESC 8810 or HB 8810 or SDE 8810 or MCS 8810 or alternatively, VBS 8810 or 8820, VPM 8810 or 8820, VCA 8810 or 8820, VHM 8810 or 8820) for credit. Students lacking an Honours degree or background in one or more area may, at the discretion of the Supervisory Committee, be required to take the appropriate undergraduate level course(s), in addition to the required courses. All graduate students must receive non-credit WHMIS (Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System) training in their first year.

When a student is required to register in a seminar or colloquium course in more than one semester, the record will show a grade or a designation of “In Progress” for semesters prior to completion of the course and “Pass” or “Fail” (or a numerical grade in the case of MMS 8900) for the final semester. Enrolment in the Seminar course implies the student will participate as a presenter in at least one Graduate Studies Day. With the consent of the Supervisory Committee, and of the instructor and the Department Chair concerned, a student may register for, and audit, all or part of a course. It is understood that the student will attend lectures as prescribed, but will not write any examination or receive any grade. Such a course may be recorded as an additional course, identified by AUD.

The Master’s Examination Committee normally consists of five members as follows:

i. three members of the Supervisory Committee, including the Supervisor of the candidate’s research;

ii. one member of the area of specialization but from a department other than that of the student’s supervisor. This external examiner may be from the University of Prince Edward Island, or from another University or Research Institute, as is deemed appropriate;

iii. the Coordinator of Graduate Studies (or designate), who will Chair the Master’s Examination Committee.

Graduate Courses

Faculty of Science

Master of Science—Environmental Sciences (ESC)
Master of Science—Human Biology (HB)
Master of Science—Molecular and Macromolecular Sciences (MMS)
Master of Science—Mathematical and Computational Sciences (MCS)

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES (ESC) COURSES

ESC 8000 THESIS

ESC 8120 ADVANCED TOPICS IN ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
This course covers advances in practical and theoretical aspects of aquatic and terrestrial ecology, and represents one of the three general axes of research expertise within the Department. A combination of formal lectures, directed readings, and group discussion of journal articles is used. Students are expected to prepare written reports or present seminars.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to a graduate program in Science or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

ESC 8130 ADVANCED TOPICS IN PLANT SCIENCE
This course covers current advances in botany, including plant development and morphology, anatomy and physiology, pollination biology, and biotechnology. A combination of formal lectures, directed readings, and group discussion of journal articles is used. Students are expected to prepare written reports or present seminars.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to a graduate program in Science and permission of the instructor
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

ESC 8200 ADVANCED CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE AND POLICY
The course provides an advanced examination of the fundamental science of global climate change, the state-of-the-art technologies and tools for climate modeling, climate data analysis, climate change impact assessment, and climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as the historical and latest development in climate policies. Students will be given the opportunity to develop the knowledge and skills to critically evaluate scientific scenarios of future climate, assess the effectiveness of different policy approaches, and determine suitable responses to climate change.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

ESC 8620 ADVANCED FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
This course provides advanced study in the ecology of freshwater habitats, particularly those found on Prince Edward Island. The first part of the course concentrates on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of fresh waters, classification of freshwater habitats, and applied limnology. A laboratory/field component includes an introduction to water analysis techniques and field equipment, field water analysis, the collection and analysis of biological samples, and the physical properties of water. The second part is a field/lab project on a limnological topic tailored to the student’s individual program, and consists of an experimental or observational study coupled with a comprehensive literature review, project write-up, and oral presentation.
NOTE: Credit is not given for both Biology 4620 (Limnology) and Biology 8620 and ESC 8620. Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

ESC 8650 ADVANCES IN MARINE ECOLOGY
This course provides an update on relevant areas of ongoing marine research. The first part of the course concentrates on marine ecology topics including benthic-pelagic coupling, dispersal and adult-larval interactions, animal-sediment relationships, biodiversity ecosystem services, encrusting communities and their interactions, and aquatic invasive species. The second part includes participation in regular discussion sessions based on analysis of advanced literature relevant to the discipline and to the student’s particular research. Assignments include an essay relevant (but not restricted) to a student’s field of research, and a seminar on a topic relating general ecological hypotheses to the topic addressed in the essay.
NOTE: Credit will not be given for both Biology 4650 (Marine Community Ecology) and ESC 8650.
PREREQUISITE: Entry into a graduate program at UPEI and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 (3 hours lecture and 3 hours lab/field trip per week, plus discussion group.)
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

ESC 8810 DIRECTED STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Under the supervision of a faculty member, a graduate student independently pursues an area of interest in depth. The course includes an extensive literature review of the specific discipline, directed research on the topic, or collection and analysis of data. The student may be required to present a written report and/or present a seminar in the area. Topics must not be a part of the student’s thesis research although they may be in a complementary area. Course outlines must be approved by the supervisory committee, the department Chair, and the Dean of Science.
PREREQUISITE: Admission in the graduate program in Biology and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

ESC 8900 SEMINAR
In this course students attend seminars on current topics in their thesis areas and deliver seminars. Techniques in preparing scientific communications (oral presentations and poster displays) are also covered.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

HUMAN BIOLOGY (HB) COURSES

HB 8000 THESIS

HB 8110 ADVANCED TOPICS IN CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
This course enhances student knowledge of cell and molecular biology from a research perspective. Current advances in cell and molecular biology, including biotechnology and cytogenetics, are emphasized. Topics vary yearly according to the needs of the participating students. A combination of formal lectures, directed readings, and group discussion of journal articles is used. Students are expected to prepare written reports or present seminars.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to a graduate program in Science and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

HB 8250 ADVANCED TECHNIQUES IN SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
This course covers the principles of scanning electron microscopy, including techniques used for the preparation of biological or other materials for microscopy and the use of specialized software to analyze surface features of samples. Students learn to operate the instrument over the full spectrum of use, generating their own images and interpreting patterns. A microscopical investigation of material relevant to the student’s discipline forms the basis of a course project.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program or Permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Biology.

HB 8350 PRINCIPLES OF POSITIVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SPORT
(See Kinesiology 4350)

HB 8430 ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE ADAPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(Cross-level listed with Kinesiology 4430)

HB 8810 DIRECTED STUDIES IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH
Under the supervision of a faculty member, a graduate student independently pursues an area of interest in depth. The course includes an extensive literature review of the specific discipline, directed research on the topic, or collection and analysis of data. The student may be required to present a written report and/or present a seminar in the area. Topics must not be a part of the student’s thesis research although they may be in a complementary area. Course outlines must be approved by the supervisory committee, the department Chair, and the Dean of Science.
PREREQUISITE: Admission in the graduate program in Biology and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

HB 8830 EPIDEMIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE RESEARCH
This course introduces essential principles of epidemiological applications that are relevant to primary healthcare research. Students will be introduced to the principles of patient oriented research, primary healthcare, and the background of epidemiological applications, as well as the specific applications and computations of sensitivity and specificity, risk estimation, rates and proportions, hypothesis generating and hypothesis evaluation, as well as arithmetic and mathematical modeling. A combination of formal lectures, directed readings, group discussions and interpretation of outcomes from specific analyses using customized “webulators” will be used. Students are expected to prepare written reports and/or present seminars.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to a graduate program in Science and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

HB 8850 BIOINFORMATICS FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS
This course is an introduction to bioinformatics and a practical guide to the analysis of genes and proteins. It will familiarize students with the tools and principles of contemporary bioinformatics. By the end of the course, students will have a working knowledge at the graduate level of a variety of publicly available databases and computational tools important in bioinformatics, and a grasp of the underlying principles that are adequate for them to evaluate and utilize novel techniques as they arise in the future. In addition to participating in all the lectures and activities of the undergraduate course CS 3220/BIO 3220, graduate students are expected to accomplish a graduate project and attend extra guest lectures specially prepared for graduate students (when the graduate enrolment is 3 or more). The graduate project would be related to the student’s research, so the thesis supervisor will be invited to join in the process of choosing and evaluating the graduate project. The graduate project will be worth 30% of the final grade.
Cross-level listed with CS 3220, BIO 3220, and VPM 8850
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: No student can be awarded more than one course credit among HB 8850, VPM 8850, CS 3220, and BIO 3220

HB 8900 SEMINAR
(See ESC 8900)

MOLECULAR AND MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCES (MMS) COURSES

MMS 8000 THESIS

MMS 8050 ADVANCED STUDIES IN NMR SPECTROSCOPY
This course covers the use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometry used in the determination of structures in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry. Major topics include the theory and use of NMR spectroscopy, in particular the use of 2D experiments and multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy. Particular emphasis is placed on developing the students’ ability to interpret spectra and elucidate the structure of a molecule based on this evidence beyond the undergraduate level, as well as the role NMR has played as a structural tool in the pharmaceutical industry and academia. Students will have a practical/hands-on component in this course.
Cross-level listed with CHEM 4050. Credit cannot be received for both MMS 8050 and CHEM 4050
Restriction: Student must be admitted into a graduate program in Science.
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

MMS 8090 BIOMATERIALS
This course covers the fundamentals of the synthesis, properties, and biocompatibility of metallic, ceramic, polymeric, and biological materials that come in contact with tissue and biological fluids. Emphasis is placed on using biomaterials for both hard and soft tissue replacement, organ replacement, coatings and adhesives, dental implants, and drug delivery systems. New trends in biomaterials and the recent merging of cell biology and biochemistry with materials is examined.
Cross-level listed with CHEM 4090. Credit cannot be received for both MMS 8090 and CHEM 4090
Restriction: Student must be admitted into a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

MMS 8690 MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
This course discusses current topics in materials chemistry. Topics include the synthesis and characterization of intercalation compounds, conductive polymers and their applications, semiconductors and their applications, defects in inorganic solids, and transport measurements. Students will perform a thorough literature search on a topic in materials science; write a review and a research proposal on the selected topic, followed by in-class presentations.
Cross-level listed with CHEM 4690. Credit cannot be received for both MMS 8690 and CHEM 4690.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

MMS 8810 DIRECTED STUDIES IN MOLECULAR AND MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCES
This course is a thorough study of a selected topic in Molecular and Macromolecular Sciences. Entry to the course, and the course outline, are subject to the approval of the Supervisory Committee, and the Dean of Science. The course may include directed reading, directed research, and discussion with the instructor. The student may be required to prepare a written report and/or present a seminar in the area. Topics must not be directly related to the student’s research project, although they may be in the same discipline.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

MMS 8820 ADVANCED TOPICS IN MOLECULAR AND MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCES
This course covers current advances and advanced topics in a discipline of Molecular and Macromolecular Sciences and is a thorough study of specific topics. It is offered to graduate students at the discretion of the Department, and covers areas of specialization not covered in other graduate courses. The course discusses recent advances in an area of interest to the students but which are not part of the students’ thesis research directly.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Chemistry.

MMS 8830 ADVANCED TOPICS IN COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY
This course exercises the application of computational chemistry to structural and reactivity questions in organic and inorganic chemistry. Computational methods discussed include molecular mechanics, ab initio and semi-empirical calculations, and density functional theory. The objective is to gain an understanding of the application of these methods to chemical problems. The current literature is explored to illustrate the use of computational chemistry in research.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to MSc Program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Chemistry.

MMS 8840 ADVANCED SPECTROSCOPIC STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION
This course covers various forms of spectrometry used in the determination of structures in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry. Major topics include the theory and use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, in particular the use of 2D experiments; mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. Particular emphasis is placed on developing the students’ ability to interpret spectra and elucidate the structure of a molecule based on this evidence. Spectroscopic techniques for the study of transient species are also discussed, including: laser flash photolysis (LFP); laser-induced fluorescence (LIF); and stopped-flow and relaxation methods for fast reaction studies.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Chemistry.

MMS 8900 SEMINAR IN MOLECULAR AND MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCES
In this course students attend regular departmental seminars. Students are also required to present a seminar on a topic within their discipline, but unrelated to their research project. Students must register for this course each semester, and receive a grade of “In Progress” until completion of their MSc programs.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to MSc Program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
NOTE: Responsibility for this course rests with the department of Chemistry.

MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES COURSES

MCS 8000 THESIS
Registration of thesis
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to MSc program in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences
NOTE: No credit, but registration required.

MCS 8060 CLOUD COMPUTING
This course examines: the critical technology trends that are enabling cloud computing, the architecture and the design of existing deployments, the services and the applications they offer, and the challenges that need to be addressed to help cloud computing to reach its full potential. The format of this course will be a mix of lectures, seminar-style discussions, and student presentations. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with CS 4060. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8060 and CS 4060.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8090 ADVANCED TOPICS IN FINANCIAL MATHEMATICS
This course explores continuous-time models in financial mathematics. Topics include Brownian motion, geometric Brownian motion, quadratic variation, Riemann-Stieltjes and Ito integrals, Ito’s formula, replication and risk-neutral pricing under the Black-Scholes economy, Black-Scholes partial differential equation, delta-hedging for multi asset derivatives, and valuation of cross currency options. Graduate students will be required to learn and implement additional computational techniques such as Monte Carlo or numerical solutions of partial differential equations resulting from option pricing problems. Higher expectations for graduate students will be established for assessments, including a graduate level project involving computational techniques.
This course is cross-level listed with AMS 4090. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8090 and AMS 4090.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8110 ADVANCED STUDIES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND AUTOMATED REASONING
This course introduces general problem-solving methods associated with automated reasoning and simulated intelligence. Topics include problem abstraction, state space heuristic search theory, pathfinding, flocking behaviour, knowledge representation, propositional logic, reasoning with uncertainty, machine learning and connectionism.   Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with CS 4110. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8110 and CS 4110.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8120 MACHINE LEARNING AND DATA MINING
Machine learning is the study of mechanisms for acquiring knowledge from large data sets. This course examines techniques for detecting patterns in sets of uncategorized data. Supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are studied, with particular application to real-world data. A graduate-level project and report will be required with a focus on neural networks and an application of deep learning to a real world domain.
This course is cross-level listed with CS 4120. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8120 and CS 4120.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8130 USER EXPERIENCE RESEARCH METHODS
This course will provide students with the grounding in human computer interaction/user experience research, providing the skills for both academic research and for careers in user research and interaction design and evaluation. The aim of the course is to provide the students with a grounding in the principles and practice of the various research methods including: qualitative methods including content analysis, thematic analysis, grounded theory and observational studies; quantitative methods including experimental design and application of statistics to user data; and research governance including the ethical conduct of studies with the need for good data governance.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8240 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
This course builds upon the basis of inference to include statistical techniques commonly used in experimental studies. Students will study topics such as analysis of variance models, hypothesis testing in ANOVA models, randomization, and blocking techniques. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with Stat 4240. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8240 and Stat 4240.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8280 GENERALIZED LINEAR MODELS
This course covers the theory, methodology and applications of generalized linear models. Topics include logistic regression, probit regression, binomial regression, Poisson regression, overdispersion, quasi-likelihood, and the exponential family. Students will be required to use standard statistical software to analyze binary and count data. Graduate students will be required to demonstrate mastery of model building and assessment, parameter estimation, inference, and interpretation of findings from generalized linear models in a variety of settings inspired by real-world problems.
This course is cross-level listed with STAT 4280. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8280 and STAT 4280.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8310 STATISTICAL SIMULATION
This course introduces statistical simulation, and its use as a tool to investigate stochastic phenomena and statistical methods. Topics include the building and validation of stochastic simulation models useful in computing, operations research, engineering and science; related design and estimation problems; variance reduction; and the implementation and the analysis of the results.  Graduate students will be required to understand each topic to a greater depth than their undergraduate classmates and will additionally be expected to gain knowledge of Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. These differentiated expectations will be assessed throughout the term, including a graduate level project on the simulation and applications of Brownian Motion, Stochastic Differential Equations, Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods or other advanced stochastic models or techniques.
This course is cross-level listed with STAT 4110. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8310 and STAT 4110.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8340 ADVANCED TOPICS IN TIME SERIES
This course includes topics from Time Series Econometrics, including Maximum Likelihood and Least Squares Estimation of ARIMA Models and GARCH Models, Wavelets and Financial Models. Non-stationary Time Series, multivariate Time Series and panel cointegration analysis are also covered. Graduate students must demonstrate their deep understanding of the course material by completing a project in which they develop and assess an appropriate model capable of performing forecasting in a real-world setting.
This course is cross- level listed with STAT 4340.  Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8340 and STAT 4340.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8410 STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
This course is an introduction to the branch of probability theory that deals with the analysis of systems that evolve over time. Topics include random walks, Markov chains, Poisson processes, continuous time Markov chains, birth and death processes, exponential models, and applications of Markov chains. Graduate students will be expected to acquire additional knowledge on discrete time martingales and their applications. In all course assessments, the graduate students will be held to a higher standard, including a graduate level project on Hidden Markov Chains, Brownian Motion, convergence of probability measures or other advanced topics.
This course is cross-level listed with STAT 4410. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8410 and STAT 4410.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8420 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND CODES
This course is a study of encoding and encryption algorithms, and their applications. Linearcodes, error detection, and error-correcting codes are introduced. Symmetric and asymmetric key encryption algorithms are studied and analyzed. Other topics include confidentiality, message authentication, public and private keys, digital signatures, and security. Graduate students will have more challenging assessments than undergraduates to reflect the higher level of mastery of the material that they are expected to achieve.
This course is cross-level listed with MCS 4420.  Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8420 and MCS 4420.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8440 DATA SCIENCE
Data science is an interdisciplinary and emerging field where techniques from several fields are used to solve problems using data. This course provides an overview and hands-on training in data science, where students will learn to combine tools and techniques from computer science, statistics, data visualization and the social sciences. The course will focus on: 1) the process of moving from data collection to product, 2) tools for preparing, manipulating and analyzing data sets (big and small), 3) statistical modelling and machine learning, and 4) real world challenges.  Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with CS 4440.  Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8440 and CS 4440.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8520 MEASURE THEORY AND INTEGRATION
A first course in measure theory, covering measure as a generalization of length, outer measure, sigma-algebras, measurability, construction of measures, Lebesgue measure on the real line, measurable functions and the Lebesgue integral. Additional topics may include convergence theorems, product measures and Fubini Theorem. Graduate students will have more challenging assessments than undergraduates to reflect the higher level of mastery of the material that they are expected to achieve.
This course is cross-level listed with MATH 4520. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8520 and MATH 4520.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8530 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
This first course in functional analysis covers topics like: metric spaces, Banach spaces, function spaces, Hilbert spaces, generalized Fourier series and linear operators. Graduate students will have more challenging assessments than undergraduates to reflect the higher level of mastery of the material that they are expected to achieve.
This course is cross-level listed with MATH 4530. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8530 and MATH 4530.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8550 DATA ANALYSIS AND INFERENCE
This course is an introduction to data analysis with a focus on regression. Topics include: initial examination of data, correlation, and simple and multiple regression models using least squares. Inference for regression parameters, confidence and prediction intervals, diagnostics and remedial measures interactions and dummy variables, variable selection, least squares estimation and inference for non-linear regression will also be discussed. Graduate students will be expected to demonstrate a deep understanding of the course concepts by connecting these topics to ongoing research and developing, assessing, and drawing inference from appropriate models to answer open questions through the analysis of complex data sets.
This course is cross- level listed with STAT 4550. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8550 and STAT 4550.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8560 ADVANCED LOSS MODELS
This course is a study of the mathematics of survival models and includes some examples of parametric survival models. Topics include: tabular survival models, estimates from complete and incomplete data samples, parametric survival models, and determining the optimal parameters. Maximum likelihood estimators, derivation and properties, product limit estimators, Kaplan-Meier and Nelson-Aalen, credibility theory: limited fluctuation; Bayesian; Buhlmann; Buhlmann-Straub; empirical Bayes parameter estimation; statistical inference for loss models; maximum likelihood estimation; the effect of policy modifications; and model selection will also be discussed. Students will be expected to develop a thorough understanding through additional case study at a graduate level.
This course is cross-level listed with AMS 4550. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8560 and AMS 4550.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8610 ADVANCED PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
This course provides students with the ability to employ selected analytic techniques to solve business problems and effectively communicate the solution. A thorough knowledge of probability, mathematical statistics, selected models and methods for analyzing data is assumed. This course covers topics such as predictive model building process in R; problem definition, data visualization, exploratory data analysis, identification of data issues and resolution, and initial model selection; model selection; model validation; communication of results and uncertainties; sample project and report. A particular focus will be placed on communication of technical results for business applications, data exploration and feature selection, and model selection and construction.  Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.   This course is cross-level listed with AMS 4610. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8610 and AMS 4610.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8620 RING AND FIELD THEORY
This course covers advanced algebraic structures. Topics including: polynomial rings, matrix rings, ideals and homomorphisms, quotient rings, Euclidean domains, principal ideal domains, unique factorization domains, introduction to module theory, basic theory of field extensions, splitting fields and algebraic closures, finite fields, introduction to Galois theory. Graduate students will have more challenging assessments than undergraduates to reflect the higher level of mastery of the material that they are expected to achieve.
This course is cross-level listed with MATH 4620. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8620 and MATH 4620.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8660 DATA VISUALIZATION AND MINING
This course introduces students to the statistical methods involved in visualization of high dimensional data, including interactive methods directed at exploration and assessment of structure and dependencies in data. Topics include methods for finding groups in data including cluster analysis, dimension reduction methods including multi-dimensional scaling, pattern recognition, and smoothing techniques. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with STAT 4660. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8660 and STAT 4660.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8680 NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION
This course is a study of unconstrained optimization, optimality conditions (necessary, sufficient and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker), penalty functions, convex functions, and convex programming. Upon completion, students should be able to formulate a variety of advanced continuous optimization problems; determine the appropriate solution technique or algorithm for a given problem; implement relevant algorithms and analyze their effectiveness.  In addition, students should demonstrate a deep understanding of the mathematical theory behind algorithms and other solution techniques.
This course is cross-level listed with AMS 4680. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8680 and AMS 4680.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8710 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
This course is an introduction to the theory and application of partial differential equations. Topics include: first-order equations and characteristic curves; classification of second-order equations as parabolic, hyperbolic or elliptic; Laplace, wave and diffusion equations, and their physical origins; solution using Fourier series; and separation of variables. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with MATH 4710. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8710 and MATH 4710.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8720 DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
This course is a study of the long-term qualitative behaviour of solutions of systems of differential or difference equations. Topics include: non-linear systems, linearization, numerical and graphical methods, equilibria, phase space, stability, bifurcations, strange attractors, and chaos. Applications to physics, biology and other sciences are studied. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with MATH 4720. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8720 and MATH 4720.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8740 MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS
This course deals with the statistics of observation and analysis of more than one output variable. Topics include estimation and hypothesis testing for multivariate normal data, principal component analysis and factor analysis, discriminant analysis, cluster analysis, and correspondence analysis. Graduate students will be required to demonstrate mastery of the course topics through appropriate visualization, analysis, and interpretation of complex data sets selected to answer novel questions. This course is cross-level listed with Stat 4740. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8740 and Stat 4740.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8810 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
This course emphasizes the theory, methods and tools employed in developing medium to large-scale software which is usable, efficient, maintainable, and dependable. Project management is a major focus. Topics include traditional and agile process models, project costing, scheduling, team organization and management, requirements modelling/specification, software design, software verification and testing, and re-engineering. Graduate students are required to complete an additional project and report.  This will be defined in consultation with the instructor to ensure the scope and assessment are sufficiently advanced to warrant graduate level credit.
This course is cross-level listed with CS 4810. Credit cannot be received for both MCS 8810 and CS 4810.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8820 ADVANCED TOPICS IN THE MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES
This course covers current advances and advanced topics in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences and is a thorough study of specific topics. It is offered to graduate students at the discretion of the School and covers areas of specialization not covered in other graduate courses. The course discusses recent advances in an area that is of interest to the students, but not directly related to the students’ thesis research.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8900 SEMINAR IN THE MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES
Weekly seminars on a broad array of topics in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences, as well as instructional seminars on writing and presentation skills.  Students are required to give semi-annual progress reports on their research project.  Students are also required to research and present a seminar on a topic within their discipline, but unrelated to their own research project.  Students are expected to participate in question-and-answer sessions that follow, and contribute to the general discourse. Students must register for this course each semester and receive a grade of “In Progress” until completion of their MSc program.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to MSc program in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8910 DIRECTED STUDIES IN MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCES
This course is a thorough study of a selected topic in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences. Entry to the course, and the course outline, are subject to the approval of the Supervisory Committee, and the Dean of Science. The course may include directed reading, directed research, and discussion with the instructor. The student may be required to prepare a written report and/or present a seminar in the area. Topics must not be directly related to the student’s research project, although they may be in the same discipline.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to a graduate program in Science
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

MCS 8920 ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING
Students will work in groups to formulate mathematical representations of real-world problems; solve the problems using a variety of advanced techniques from mathematics, statistics and computer science; implement and test their solution using the appropriate software; collect and analyze relevant data.  Problems may come from science, business, or other areas depending on class interest.  Students will give regular written and oral updates on their progress.   A final report and presentation will include a review of relevant literature, analysis and solution of the assigned problems, and appropriate data visualizations.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to MSc program in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

Faculty of Engineering

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN ENGINEERING (SDE) COURSES

SDE 8000 THESIS
Registration of thesis
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the School of Sustainable Design Engineering
NOTE: No credit, but registration required.

SDE 8020 QUALITY CONTROL AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
This course is an introduction to the most widely accepted project management practices in the workforce today. The student will learn the industrially accepted techniques associated with the management of time, cost, risk, and scope in order to achieve total project stakeholder satisfaction. The goal in this course is to prepare students with the most efficient and effective project management practices by applying these techniques to their graduate research work, and in so doing greatly increase their likelihood of managing successful projects during their careers.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8030 CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN SUSTAINABLE DESIGN ENGINEERING
In this course students will be exposed to and examine the concepts underlying sustainable design engineering as they pertain to engineering practice and in particular engineering research and the development of new technologies. Sustainable design engineering can be defined as an engineering design process which considers not only the key performance indicators and functional characteristics of the system being developed but also the environmental, social and economic context and impacts of the system. Recent advances in sustainability research have focused on the complex interactions between these areas, evolving from “green engineering” to a full consideration of sustainability. In order to develop sustainable solutions, engineers and researchers must be able to critically evaluate their work in this context. To this end, students will examine case studies and relevant readings on such topics as sustainability indicators, techno-economic and life cycle assessment, stakeholder engagement, real time technology assessment, engineering justice, and design for sustainability. While approaches for addressing the specific areas of environmental, social and economic sustainability will be covered, the focus of the course will be on the interactions between these areas. A key outcome of this course will be a paper critically examining the student’s research topic from the perspective of sustainable design engineering.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to the graduate program in Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

SDE 8040 DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
This course focuses on the design, implementation, and analysis of engineering, scientific, and computer-based experiments. The course will examine the proper and scientific approach to experimentation, modeling, simulation, and analysis of data. Various designs are discussed and their respective advantages and disadvantages are noted. Factorial designs and sensitivity analysis will be studied in detail because of its relevance to various industries. Use of software for designing and analyzing experiments will also be used. For experiments that involved mainly physical quantities and natural phenomena, techniques of dimensional analysis will also be introduced.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8050 ENGINEERING RESEARCH METHODS & EXPERIMENT DESIGN
This course will introduce students to the elements of a research project and will focus on quantitative research methodologies. Students will practice the planning, implementation, analysis, and documentation for a research project of their own design. Topics will include: performing a literature review, developing a hypothesis, creating a research plan, collecting data, analyzing the results, and compiling a research report. Students will use tools for quantitative data analysis and will explore reliability, validation, and verification concepts. Students will report findings in a technical presentation. The course encourages students to develop their research question and perform a sample experiment to apply lessons learned to their main research topic. Intellectual property rights and engineering ethics topics will be explored.
PREREQUISITE:  Admission to the graduate program in Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3

SDE 8060 MODELING, CONTROL, AND DESIGN OF ENERGY SYSTEMS
This course focuses on the understanding of the physical processes underlying the energy conversion process from wind and solar energy. Students will have an advanced knowledge of aerodynamics and structural dynamics, and they will understand the main strategies used for controlling these machines over their complete operating range. A specific goal of the course is to provide students with a multidisciplinary vision on the physics of energy systems, and an understanding of the methods used for their modeling and simulation. A particular emphasis will be placed on design, and on the effects of design choices on the cost of energy.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8080 INDUSTRIAL MACHINE VISION
This course focuses on computer vision with an emphasis on techniques for automated inspection, object recognition, mechanical metrology, and robotics. Image processing courses typically focus for image enhancement, restoration, filtering, smoothing, etc. These topics will be covered to a certain degree but the main focus will be on image segmentation, feature extraction, morphological operators, recognition and photogrammetry. Issues related to the efficient software implementation of these techniques for real-time applications will also be addressed.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8100 BIOFUEL AND BIOMASS TECHNOLOGY
This course focuses on advanced concepts in understanding biofuels and bioenergy systems, renewable feedstocks, their production, availability and attributes for biofuel/bioenergy production, types of biomass derived fuels and energy, thermochemical conversion of biomass to heat, power and fuel, biochemical conversion of biomass to fuel environmental aspects of biofuel production, economics and life-cycle analysis of biofuel, and value adding of biofuel residues. Students will analyze, as well as prepare, case studies on biofuel production.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8230 TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Cross-level listed with Engineering 4320.
Graduate-level project will be defined.

SDE 8310 ADVANCED FABRICATION TECHNIQUES AND COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING
This course concentrates on manufacturing knowledge with a focus on advanced fabrication techniques (AFT) and Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). Students will expand their knowledge of  traditional processes including CAD/CAM, forming, welding, milling, etc. leading into innovative advanced fabrication techniques in additive and precision manufacturing, next generation electronics, robotics and smart automation (CIM), and sustainable and green manufacturing modeling and simulation in the manufacturing process developed through lectures and labs. Integration of CIM into supply chain design and management is emphasized based on synergistic application of mechatronics approach and philosophy.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4310; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week.

SDE 8320 CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN
This course will provide students with an overview of system modelling and control methodologies of single/multiple input/output systems, e.g., energy transport control, reactor control, heat exchanger control, power production, and mechatronic systems. Students will learn classical control methods e.g., feedforward, feedbacks, cascade, decoupling to modern control methods, LQR, predictive control, optimal and robust control. Students will be equipped with knowledge and skills for analyzing stability, controllability and observability of state-space representation modelled systems. Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4320; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week.

SDE 8330 INNOVATIONS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
This course provides an overview of the subdisciplines that are included in field of biomedical engineering. Through a hands-on approach, the course introduces topics including biotransport, bioelectrical phenomena, bioinstrumentation, biomechanics, diagnostic devices, medical imaging, rehabilitation, biomaterials, tissue engineering, biosensors, lab-on-a-chip and micro- and nano-technology. The course also introduces the basics of medical device regulations and ethics of medical instrumentation. Students will gain an appreciation for the collaborative, interdisciplinary nature of engineering in medicine and its potential impact on society.
Graduate project will be defined.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4330; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week.

SDE 8350 ADVANCED ROBOTIC DYNAMICS AND CONTROL
This course advances the fundamentals of robotics through exposure to in-depth knowledge and understanding of kinematics, dynamics, control and trajectory with applications to autonomous vehicles, automated manufacturing and processing and mobile robotics. Areas of interest include: position transformation and control, rigid body motion, kinematic control, compliance and force control. Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4350; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8370 FLUID POWER CONTROL
This course covers the analysis and design of basic hydraulic and pneumatic circuits and systems. Topics include a review of the fundamentals of fluid mechanics including flow through valves, fittings, and pipe; classification of hydrostatic pumps and motors; control valves; hydraulic accumulators; sizing of practical hydraulic circuits; thermal and energy considerations;  electrohydraulic control and modeling of hydraulic control systems. The latter part of the course focuses on pneumatic systems including pneumatic cylinders and motors, control valves, and compressor technology. The application of Programmable Logic Controls (PLCs) to industrial automation and the sequential control of pneumatic actuators is also addressed. Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4370; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8410 MACRO ENERGY SYSTEMS
This course covers methods for analyzing energy supply, conversion processes, and end-use at the system level. Aspects considered include the dynamics of energy supply and demand, efficiencies of energy conversion, characteristics of energy currencies, and energy needs across different sectors. Students will characterize methods of delivering energy services such as heat, light, industrial power and transportation. Energy analysis will be introduced and used to build a quantitative framework for integrating techno-economic analysis of energy system components, with emphasis on elements such as fossil fuels and nuclear power. Students will gain an enhanced, quantitative appreciation for the sustainability, emissions, cost and energy intensity aspects of energy services delivery.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4410; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8440 ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE
This course considers advanced technical analysis of energy storage systems. A comprehensive overview of all industrially relevant energy storage systems is reviewed and emphasis is placed on promising energy storage technologies of the future. Chemical, thermal and kinetic storage technologies will be discussed in detail.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4440; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8450 FLUID LOADS ON ENERGY STRUCTURES
This course is an introduction to the loads applied on structures from wind, waves, and currents, and their heightened relevance to structures designed for energy conversion.  Phenomena to be discussed include lift and drag, boundary layers, vortex-induced vibrations, wakes, hydrostatic loading, and water waves. A selection of engineering methods will be introduced and brought to bear on these topics, such as potential flow theory, blade-element theory, Airy wave theory and Morison’s equation. Dimensional analysis will be introduced to characterize flow problems. Design implications will be discussed for a selection of relevant energy conversion structures such as aircraft wings, wind turbines, breakwaters, marine vessels, and offshore energy platforms. Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4450; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8470 MICRO GRIDS
This course focuses on the concept, operation and optimization of renewable-energy-based micro-grids. Concepts introduced and considered include renewable energy resources, integration technologies, grid-connected operation, islanded grid operation, energy storage integration and the optimal dimensioning and mixing of multiple energy sources where some are stochastic in nature and some are dispatchable. Existing and future energy storage technologies will be also be discussed.  This course is based on energy flow analysis and
makes extensive use of software simulation tools.  Students will develop a framework for performing techno-economic assessments of micro-grid architectures and designs. A strong background in electrical power systems is not necessarily required.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4470; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8510 GEOINFORMATICS IN BIORESOURCES
This course covers the theory and practice of geoinformatics and their applications to problems in bioresources using digital mapping and spatial analysis. Hands on laboratories will provide students with an experience to collect georeferenced data using differential global positioning system, followed by mapping and analysis in geographical information system.  Topics include datums, map projections and transformations, vector and raster data, geo-spatial analysis, geo-statistics and interpolation techniques. This course will also
cover the fundamentals of remote sensing, data collection with sensors, and spatial and temporal aspects of the bio-resources attributes. Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4510; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8530 FUNDAMENTALS OF AGRICULTURE MACHINERY
This course highlights the fundamentals of mechanized agriculture machinery from soil preparation, planting, and crop management to mechanical harvesting. The machines and their unit operation are analyzed with respect functions, work rates, material flow and power usage. The machine performance relating to work quality and environmental effects will also be evaluated. The labs will emphasize on safety, basic maintenance, adjustment, calibrations of equipment and performance testing. This course also covers the variable rate applicators for site-specific application of inputs, auto guidance system, data acquisition and management for intelligent decision making for machines, and precision agriculture technologies.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4530; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8550 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Processes used in the chemical and biological industries, which emphasize underlying physical, chemical, and biological principles, will be introduced. By carrying out the mass and energy balances, students will conduct design and economic assessment of major chemical and biological engineering processes. Introduction to modelling of chemical processes will be covered in this course.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4550; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three hours of lecture and three hours of lab per week

SDE 8810 DIRECTED STUDIES IN SUSTAINABLE DESIGN ENGINEERING
Under the supervision of a faculty member, a graduate student independently pursues an area of interest in depth. The course includes an extensive literature review of the specific discipline, directed research on the topic, or collection and analysis of data. The student may be required to present a written report and/or present a seminar in the area. Topics must not be a part of the student’s thesis research although they may be in a complementary area. Course outlines must be approved by the supervisory committee, the department Chair, and the Dean of Science.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering and permission of supervisor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

SDE 8830 BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
This course is an introduction to the basics of viewing, processing, and analyzing of biosignals, or signals originating from living beings.  Biosignals may be characterized as bioelectrical signals which can be composed of both electrical and non-electrical parts. Topics include both linear and nonlinear systems, signal conditioning or filtering, improving signal quality (signal-to-noise ratio) through averaging techniques, and signal representations in both the time and frequency domains.  Graduate-level project will be required as defined in consultation with the instructor.
Cross-level listed with ENGN 4830; credit cannot be received for both courses.
Three lecture hours and three lab hours per week

SDE 8900 SEMINAR
In this course students attend seminars on current topics in their research area of Sustainable Design Engineering and are expected to be seminar presenters. Techniques in preparing scientific communication (oral presentations and poster displays) are also covered.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to the graduate program in School of Sustainable Design Engineering
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE COURSES

Biomedical Sciences
Companion Animals
Health Management
Pathology & Microbiology

BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES COURSES

VBS 8010 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY: PRINCIPLES, TECHNIQUES AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
This laboratory-oriented course introduces students to the principles and procedures required for the examination of structures with the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the interpretation/analysis of ultrastructural features of cells and tissues.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor.
HOURS OF CREDIT: 4
LECTURES: 3 hours
LABORATORIES: 4 hours

VBS 8030 PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
This course provides graduate students in a biomedical field with general knowledge and principles of biomedical research. The lectures and tutorials cover topics like the scientific approach, experimental design, scientific writing, intellectual property, research ethics, preparing seminars, and grant writing. The laboratories focus on laboratory techniques that are useful in biomedical research.
LECTURES/TUTORIALS: 1-3 hours
LABORATORIES: 3 hours
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2 or 3

VBS 8170 CURRENT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
This course deals with advanced topics in Marine Biotechnology. Topics include: marine microbiology, natural products biosynthesis, isolation and characterization of bioactive natural products, heterologous expression of biosynthetic genes, drug development, chemical ecology. The course will meet for three contact hours per week and will involve in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature.
PREREQUISITE: Chemistry 2410/2420 OR 2430 and permission of instructor; a course in biochemistry would be an asset but is not required.
LECTURE: 3 hours
LAB/TUTORIAL: 0
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VBS 8230 FUNDAMENTALS OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
This course is designed to enhance student knowledge of the basic concepts in developmental biology. Early development of vertebrates is discussed with emphasis on experimental and molecular analysis of developmental mechanisms.
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
TUTORIAL: 3 hours

VBS 8240 ADVANCED TOPICS IN DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
This course focuses on recent advances in developmental biology. Topics are selected from the recent literature according to student interests and may include embryonic induction, regulation of morphogenesis and differentiation, mechanisms of regional specification and pattern formation.
PREREQUISITES: VBS 8230 or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2
TUTORIAL: 2 hours

VBS 8450 ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
This course provides in-depth analysis of environmental impacts of the major classes of contaminants including methodologies for environmental impacts assessment and monitoring. Effects of environmental contaminants are examined at the ecosystem, organismal, cellular, biochemical, and molecular levels. Additional emphasis is placed on understanding the fate of contaminants of concern in aquatic and terrestrial environments, environmental chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, and exposure and uptake pathways by organisms. The course consists of lectures, discussions of peer- reviewed literature, case studies, presentations by students, and laboratories.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor
LECTURE/LAB: 3
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VBS 8520 INTRODUCTION TO NEUROSCIENCE
This is a lecture/discussion course with supplemental laboratories and readings. Topics include introductions to neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and neuropharmacology of mammalian systems including current concepts in neuronal processing and integration.
PREREQUISITE: Undergraduate anatomy, physiology and pharmacology or equivalent and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 1 hour
TUTORIALS: 2 hours

VBS 8630 PRINCIPLES OF CELL PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
This advanced course on pharmacological principles is based on an understanding of cell physiology. The course covers membrane properties and principles of receptor function relevant to cell physiology and pharmacology and includes cellular, biochemical, and molecular aspects of drug actions. Students present and discuss weekly readings.
PREREQUISITES: Undergraduate biochemistry and physiology and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURE: 1 hour
TUTORIAL: 2 hours

VBS 8760 BIOCHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
This course provides students with an understanding of the chemical and biochemical basis of toxicology. The principles of toxicology are the general focus of the course, but system specific aspects are covered with an emphasis on mechanisms of toxicity. The course includes lectures, seminars and student presentations.
PREREQUISITES: A course on Cellular Basis of Physiology and Pharmacology or an undergraduate course in pharmacology or toxicology that is approved by the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURE: 1.5 hours
TUTORIAL: 1.5 hours

VBS 8810-8820 DIRECTED STUDIES
This course is a thorough study of a selected problem or topic in the discipline. The course may include directed reading, directed research, or collection and analysis of data. The student will prepare a written report and present a seminar on the topic.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1-3

VBS 8900 SEMINAR
In this course students attend and present annual seminars on topics in their discipline, are evaluated on their seminars, and provide constructive criticism to others giving seminars in the course.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to Master if Science program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1

VBS 8920 ADVANCES IN FISH PHYSIOLOGY
This is an advanced course covering a range of selected topics on fish form and function. Interaction of fish with their ecosystems is emphasized. Students are actively involved by presenting and discussing readings provided weekly. Each student presents a formal seminar on a selected topic at the conclusion of the course.
PREREQUISITE: Undergraduate courses in animal physiology (i.e. Bio 4020 or VBS 1210 and 1220, or equivalent) and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 1 hour

VBS 9900 SEMINAR
This is a seminar course in which students attend and present annual seminars on topics in their discipline, are evaluated on their seminars, and provide constructive criticism to others giving seminars in the course.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to PhD program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1

COMPANION ANIMALS COURSES

VCA 8110 ADVANCED MEDICINE OF URINARY, ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC/ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS
This course is a detailed study of the physiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of urinary, endocrine and metabolic/electrolyte disorders of companion animals. Areas of current interest or controversy, as well as recent advances in knowledge and management are emphasized. Requirements for the course include critical evaluation of current literature and presentation of seminars on selected topics.
PREREQUISITE: Undergraduate courses in physiology, pathophysiology and medicine and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2
LECTURES: 2 hours

VCA 8120 CLINICS IN SMALL ANIMAL INTERNAL MEDICINE I

VCA 8222 CLINICS IN SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY I
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides initial training in small animal surgery. Students diagnose and treat canine and feline patients under the close supervision of small animal surgery faculty. Although students will have primary case responsibility, it is expected that they will consult frequently with small animal surgery faculty and have close supervision when performing diagnostic or surgical procedures. Topics discussed in rounds include those related to orthopedic, neurologic, oncologic and general soft tissue surgery with regards to pathophysiology of disease, diagnostic evaluation, surgical anatomy, surgical procedures and postoperative management. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE:  DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3 (Credits based on at least 6 to 7 hours/week of teaching rounds/seminars)

VCA 8223 CLINICS IN SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY II
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides further training in small animal surgery. Students diagnose and treat canine and feline patients under the close supervision of small animal surgery faculty. Although students will have primary case responsibility, it is expected that they will consult frequently with small animal surgery faculty and have close supervision when performing diagnostic or surgical procedures. Topics discussed in rounds include those related to orthopedic, neurologic, oncologic and general soft tissue surgery with regards to pathophysiology of disease, diagnostic evaluation, surgical anatomy, surgical procedures and postoperative management. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE:  DVM or equivalent degree and successful completion of VCA 8222
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3 (Credits based on at least 6 to 7 hours/week of teaching rounds/seminars)

VCA 8224 CLINICS IN ADVANCED SMALL ANIMAL SURGERY I
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides advanced training in small animal surgery. Students interview owners, carry out physical examinations, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests and diagnose and treat canine and feline patients under the supervision of small animal surgery faculty. Students will have primary case responsibility and consult with small animal surgery faculty on an as needed basis. Students will be supervised as required when performing diagnostic or surgical procedures. Students will also be required to supervise teaching rounds on an occasional basis. Topics discussed in rounds include those related to orthopedic, neurologic, oncologic and general soft tissue surgery with regards to pathophysiology of disease, diagnostic evaluation, surgical anatomy, surgical procedures and postoperative management. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE:  DVM or equivalent degree and successful completion of VCA 8222 and VCA 8223
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3 (Credits based on at least 6 to 7 hours/week of teaching rounds/seminars)

VCA 8335 TOPICS IN VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING I
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides students with opportunities to further their professional & research-related skills. Students in this course will provide one lecture pertaining to veterinary diagnostic imaging during the regular Grand Rounds lecture series. An additional special topics lecture related to veterinary diagnostic imaging will be performed for the diagnostic imaging faculty. The student will have an opportunity to receive critical feedback on presentation skills. This course is the first of a series based on gradual increasing case load required over multiple semesters. The student will also engage in scientific writing activity, with the support of a diagnostic imaging faculty, and will produce a manuscript for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. (one per series of courses).
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1
Note:  Intended for graduate students in a clinical discipline.

VCA 8336 TOPICS IN VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING II
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides students with opportunities to further their professional & research-related skills. Students in this course will provide one lecture pertaining to veterinary diagnostic imaging during the regular Grand Rounds lecture series. An additional special topics lecture related to veterinary diagnostic imaging will be performed for the diagnostic imaging faculty. The student will have an opportunity to receive critical feedback on presentation skills.  This course is part of a series based on gradual accumulation of case material required over multiple semesters. The student will also engage in scientific writing activity, with the support of a diagnostic imaging faculty, and will produce a manuscript for publication in a peer-reviewed journal at the conclusion of the course series.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and VCA 8335 and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1
Note:  Intended for graduate students in a clinical discipline.

PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and VCA 8440
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VCA 8452 CLINICS IN DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING III
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment & provides training in clinical veterinary diagnostic imaging. Students in this course will work under the direction of the radiologist on clinical duty, developing interpretation skills in diagnostic radiography of the thorax, abdomen & musculoskeletal systems. The student will also be introduced to diagnostic ultrasound and will learn basic skills of abdominal ultrasonography. Report writing skills will also be emphasized. Students will participate in Journal Club/Chapter Reading activities, as well as rounds with clinical year undergraduate veterinary students. Specified non-clinical weeks will support the development of clinical skills. After hours duties may be expected.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and VCA 8450 and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 (Credits based on at least 6 to 7 hours/week of teaching rounds/seminars).
Note:  Intended for graduate students in a clinical discipline.

VCA 8520 CLINICS IN ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING I
This course provides advanced training in all currently used diagnostic imaging modalities. The student will be expected to provide quality assurance of all imaging examinations with guidance from faculty as needed. The student will dictate most imaging studies in consultation with the imaging faculty. Topics discussed: interpretation of various disease processes diagnosed by any imaging modality. Students will be expected to provide some emergency duty for the diagnostic imaging service.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and VCA 8440 and 8450
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VCA 8532 CLINICS IN ADVANCED DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING III
This course is given in any academic semester based on student enrolment and provides further training in clinical veterinary diagnostic imaging. Students in this course will work under the clinical duty radiologist, further developing their interpretation skills in diagnostic radiography, as well as ultrasound skills. The student may assist with special procedures cases, if applicable. Progression in report writing skills will be expected.  Students will be introduced to computed tomography in this course.  Regular participation in Journal Club/Chapter Reading activities is expected, as is participation in rounds with clinical year undergraduate veterinary students. Specified non-clinical weeks will support the development of clinical skills. After hours duties may be expected.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and VCA 8530 and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 (Credits based on at least 6 to 7 hours/week of teaching rounds/seminars)

VCA 9900 SEMINAR

PREREQUISITE: Admission to PhD program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1

VHM 8010 VETERINARY BIOSTATISTICS
This course provides the student with a working knowledge of the basic statistical techniques used in veterinary science. Topics include descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, non-parametric statistics, analysis of variance, regression and correlation and experimental design.
Cross-listed with graduate level course ESC 8770.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 2 hours
LABORATORIES: 2 hours

VHM 8020 ADVANCED VETERINARY BIOSTATISTICS
This course covers linear and logistic models, i.e. multiple linear and logistic regression and analysis of variance procedures for analysis of continuous and dichotomous outcomes with respect to multiple factors or explanatory variables. In addition, the course gives an introduction to experimental design and to analysis of data from complex experimental designs with multiple levels of variation or repeated measurements. The course is partially taught in conjunction with VHM 8120.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010 or permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2 or 3
LECTURES/SEMINARS: 2 hours
LABORATORIES: 3 hours

VHM 8110 EPIDEMIOLOGY I
This course provides students with an understanding of epidemiologic principles and methods with an emphasis on the concepts used in population health research. Specific topics covered include observational study design, sampling, measures of disease frequency, measures of association, validity (bias), confounding and stratified analyzes, screening tests and the design of clinical trials.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 4
LECTURES/SEMINARS: 5 hours
LABORATORIES: 1 hour

VHM 8120 EPIDEMIOLOGY II
This course provides students with a more detailed understanding of epidemiologic study design principles and a working knowledge of many multivariable statistical methods used in epidemiologic research. Specific topics covered include: linear regression, logistic regression, Poisson models, analysis of survival data, design of observational studies and validity (bias). The course is partially taught in conjunction with VHM 8020.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010, VHM 8110 or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: Four
LECTURES/SEMINARS: 5 hours
LABORATORIES: 1 hour

VHM 8220 POPULATION MEDICINE IN AQUACULTURE
This course covers current developments in finfish, crustacean and bivalve clinical health management with a particular focus on the epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious production problems. The lecture and seminar course topics include disease surveillance, diagnostic test evaluation, investigation of causal factors and evaluating health management practices. Field trips to aquaculture sites in the Atlantic Canada region are necessary.
PREREQUISITE: DVM, VPM 8110 (or equivalent) and VHM 8110 and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 2 hours
LAB/SEMINARS: 2 hours

VHM 8230 HEALTH AND PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT IN SHELLFISH AND CRUSTACEAN AQUACULTURE
This course covers the principles and application of health and production management and practices of significant shellfish aquaculture species in Atlantic Canada, and crustacean aquaculture globally. Topics include the biology, production methods, diagnosis, treatment and management of production and disease problems, and aquatic ecosystem health. Field trips to aquaculture sites occur.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 2 Hours
LAB/SEMINARS: 1 Hour

VHM 8260 LARGE ANIMAL CLINICAL PRACTICE I
This course provides advanced training in large animal internal medicine, surgery, theriogenology and equine community practice and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of board certified diplomates (ACVIM, ACVS, ACT, ABVP-Equine), students spend 8 weeks in large animal clinical services at the AVC. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal and equine patients. Topics discussed in rounds include surgical techniques, surgical anatomy, preventive medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students receive formal mid-course and final evaluations.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2

VHM 8270 LARGE ANIMAL CLINICAL PRACTICE II
This course provides additional advanced training in large animal internal medicine, surgery, theriogenology and equine community practice and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of diplomates (ACVIM, ACVS, ACT, ABVP-Equine), students spend 12 weeks in large animal clinical services at the AVC. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal and equine patients. Topics discussed in rounds include surgical techniques, surgical anatomy, preventive medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students receive formal mid-course and final evaluations.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8280 LARGE ANIMAL CLINICAL PRACTICE III
This course provides more advanced training in large animal internal medicine, surgery, theriogenology and equine community practice and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of diplomates (ACVIM, ACVS, ACT, ABVP-Equine), students spend 12 weeks in large animal clinical services at the AVC. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal and equine patients. Topics discussed in rounds include surgical techniques, surgical anatomy, preventive medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students receive formal mid-course and final evaluations.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8310 TOPICS IN BIOSTATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
This course reviews current developments in frequently used statistical techniques and introduces the student to some advanced biostatistical techniques including survival analysis, factor analysis, and general linear models.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010 or VHM 8020 (preferred) and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2
LECTURES: 2 hours

VHM 8320 SELECTED TOPICS IN BIOSTATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
This course reviews current developments in frequently used statistical techniques and introduces the student to advanced biostatistical techniques such as multilevel modelling, survival analysis, or Bayesian methodology.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010 or VHM 8020 (preferred) and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1
LECTURES: 1 hour

VHM 8330 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS APPLIED TO ANIMAL AND VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH
This course will cover the concepts of quantitative risk analysis based on stochastic simulation, and its application in a regulatory context for estimation of risk associated with live animal and animal food products. An introduction to qualitative risk analysis is included, contrasting the main advantages and disadvantages of quantitative and qualitative risk assessment. The course will introduce the concepts of scenario pathway modelling, probability distributions, statistical distributions applied in risk assessment, parameter estimation, uncertainty and variability analysis, sensitivity analysis, and use of risk assessment as decision support tool.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010, VHM 8110 or permission of the instructor
LECTURES: 3 hours

VHM 8340 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT IN ANIMAL HEALTH AND FOOD SAFETY
This introductory online course will cover the basic concepts of quantitative risk assessment applied to animal health and food safety. The course will introduce the following concepts: scenario-pathway modeling, food-processing models, probability distributions applied in risk assessment, uncertainty and variability analysis, sensitivity analysis, and use of risk assessment as a decision support tool.
PREREQUISITE: VHM 8010, VHM 8110 or permission of the instructor
LECTURES (tutorials, videos and forum discussions): 2 hours/day
LABORATORIES (minor assignments and discussion forums): 1 hour/day
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2

VHM 8350 ADVANCED LARGE ANIMAL TOPICS I
This fall semester lecture/seminar course reviews recent advances in large animal internal medicine, surgery, and theriogenology at a level appropriate for post-graduate veterinary interns. The course meets three times a week and includes a mix of instructor- and student-directed in-depth discussions of complicated clinical cases and relevant current literature in large animal medicine, surgery and theriogenology. Students are evaluated on their case/paper selection, critical reading skills, presentation skills, and participation in discussions. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required. Students receive formal mid-course and final evaluations.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8360 ADVANCED LARGE ANIMAL TOPICS II
This winter semester lecture/seminar course reviews recent advances in large animal internal medicine, surgery, and theriogenology at a level appropriate for post-graduate veterinarians undergoing advanced clinical training. The course meets three times a week and includes a mix of instructor- and student-directed in-depth discussions of complicated clinical cases and relevant current literature in large animal medicine, surgery and theriogenology. Students are evaluated on their case/paper selection, critical reading skills, presentation skills, and participation in discussions. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required. Students receive formal mid-course and final evaluations.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8370 CLINICAL CASE PRESENTATION AND PROJECT REPORT
In this course students present a seminar to the AVC community during the Clinical Conference course on a clinical case relevant to their discipline. Students must also attend presentations by others in this course. In addition, they must submit a written report on a topic of their choice (clinical case report, clinical investigation, prospective or retrospective case study, literature review, etc.) approved by their supervisor prior to the conclusion of their program. The report should make a contribution to the body of knowledge in the candidate’s field. Publication in a refereed journal is encouraged but not required. Students are assessed utilizing standardized rubrics for the two course components.  This course is graded Pass/Fail.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, acceptance as a graduate student in a clinical discipline, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2

VHM 8410 BOVINE THERIOGENOLOGY
This course involves advanced training in bovine theriogenology with emphasis placed on areas that are of most benefit to individual students. Topics include: applied reproductive physiology of cattle, control of the estrous cycle and ovulation, diseases and conditions affecting the reproductive system of cattle, and reproductive efficiency in cattle management. Any necessary training in diagnostic techniques, including breeding soundness evaluation, is provided. Embryo transfer and advanced reproductive technologies are discussed. Students participate in herd visits to dairy and beef farms and are involved in bovine reproduction cases that are presented to the veterinary teaching hospital.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINARS: 6 hours

VHM 8420 EQUINE THERIOGENOLOGY
This course involves advanced training in equine theriogenology with emphasis placed on areas that are of most benefit to individual students. Topics include: applied reproductive physiology of horses, control of the estrous cycle and ovulation, diseases and conditions affecting the reproductive system of horses, and breeding management. Any necessary training in diagnostic techniques, including breeding soundness evaluation, is provided. Embryo transfer and advanced reproductive technologies are discussed. Students are also involved in equine reproduction cases that are presented to the veterinary teaching hospital.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8430 EQUINE BREEDING FARM THERIOGENOLOGY
This course involves advanced training in equine theriogenology with emphasis placed on theriogenology as practised on breeding farms. Any necessary training in diagnostic techniques is provided. Students participate in visits to equine stud farms at the height of the breeding season and are involved in equine reproduction cases that are presented to the veterinary teaching hospital.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8450 LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY
The course involves advanced training in veterinary surgery with emphasis on food animal and equine general surgery. Emphasis is placed on areas that are of most benefit to individual students. Topics include: surgery of the skin and adnexa, orthopaedic-related surgery, abdominal surgery, respiratory tract surgery, and urogenital surgery. Any necessary additional training in diagnostic evaluation of surgical cases is provided. Students are involved in cases admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, and those examined at farms and training facilities.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree; permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 hours

VHM 8460 EQUINE SURGERY AND LAMENESS
The course involves advanced training in equine surgery with emphasis on orthopedic and soft tissue surgery. Emphasis is placed on areas that are of most benefit to individual students. Topics include: surgery of the skin and adnexa, orthopedic related surgery, lameness evaluation, abdominal surgery, respiratory tract surgery, and urogenital surgery. Any necessary additional training in diagnostic evaluation of surgical or lameness cases is provided. Students are involved in cases admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital, and cases examined at farms and training facilities.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8470 ANIMAL WELFARE
This course provides graduate students with an understanding of the principles of animal welfare. Animal welfare concepts are introduced and the role of science in approaching ethical issues is discussed. The course emphasizes how an understanding of affective states is fundamental to understanding animal welfare. Methods of welfare assessment are reviewed. The welfare implications of the management of animals in different situations are discussed by a systematic consideration of the management risk factors that can affect various welfare outcomes when animals are kept or used in different situations. Animal welfare research methods are critically appraised.
PREREQUISITE:  Permission by instructor
LECTURE:  0.5 hours of lecture per week; Student presentations and discussions 2 hours per week
HOURS OF CREDIT:  2

VHM 8480 ADVANCED CLINICS IN LARGE ANIMAL INTERNAL MEDICINE I
This course provides training in large animal internal medicine and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of an ACVIM diplomate, students spend 12 weeks on the large animal medicine clinical service in the VTH. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal and equine patients. Topics discussed in rounds include preventive medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students are required to present an in-depth analysis of a clinical case once monthly in house officer rounds. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITES: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8490 ADVANCED CLINICS IN LARGE ANIMAL INTERNAL MEDICINE II
This course provides advanced training in large animal internal medicine and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under the supervision of an ACVIM diplomate, students spend 12 weeks on the large animal medicine clinical service in the VTH. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal and equine patients. Topics discussed in rounds include preventive medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students are required to present an in-depth analysis of a clinical case once monthly in house officer rounds. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITES: VHM 8480, DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8510 TOPICS IN ANIMAL NUTRITION
This course reviews a selection of new developments in ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition. Research papers in the discipline are critically evaluated.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor
SEMINARS: 2 hours
HOURS OF CREDIT: 2

VHM 8520 COMPARATIVE ANIMAL COGNITION
This course will expose students to the complexities of animal behavior, beyond typical products of instincts and simple associative learning. Complex behaviors and higher-order cognitive processes will be explored from a critical perspective, as well as the issues and challenges in their evaluation in animals, scientific approaches and standards of proof for the science of Comparative Animal Cognition. The diversity of current theories of animal cognition and abilities across a broad range of complex functions and species will be discussed. Imbedded in the overall course perspective is the continued issue of how our perceptions of the cognitive abilities of animals shape our expectations and relationships with them, including an examination of interpretations of cognitive lives of various species contribute to concerns for animal welfare practices and the impact on natural behavior of animals.
Cross-level listed with Psychology 4042
PREREQUISITE:  Graduate student
HOURS OF CREDIT:  3
LAB/SEMINAR:  2 hours

VHM 8600 RESEARCH PROJECT (MVSc program)
Each student in the MVSc program is required, under the supervision of a graduate faculty committee, to satisfactorily complete a small research project. The project may be based on either a clinical investigation or a special topic such as a prospective or retrospective case study. The project report should make some contribution to the body of knowledge in that field and it should lead to a paper suitable for publication in a refereed journal.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 6

VHM 8620 ADVANCED CLINICS IN FOOD ANIMAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
This course provides in-depth training in food animal internal medicine and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under supervision of an ACVIM diplomate, students spend 9 weeks in the large animal medicine clinical service at the AVC and 3 weeks in the food animal medicine and surgery service at the University of Montreal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Students will also be given the opportunity to spend time with the farm services section of the AVC. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat food animal patients. Topics discussed in daily rounds include preventative medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students are required to present an in-depth analysis of a food animal clinical case once monthly in house officer rounds. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITES: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 hours
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8630 ADVANCED CLINICS IN EQUINE INTERNAL AND PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE
This course provides in-depth training in equine internal and preventative medicine and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under supervision of an ACVIM diplomate, students spend 11 weeks in the large animal medicine clinical service at the AVC and one week in equine dentistry. Students will also be given the opportunity to spend time with the equine ambulatory services section of the AVC. Using the problem-oriented approach, students examine patients, perform diagnostic procedures, interpret diagnostic tests, and diagnose and treat equine patients. Topics discussed in daily rounds include preventative medicine, infectious disease, diseases affecting performance or production, pharmacology, etc. Students are required to present an in- depth analysis of an equine clinical case once monthly in house officer rounds, with at least one case emphasizing preventative medicine. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITES: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 hours
LAB/SEMINAR: 6 hours

VHM 8640 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL MEDICINE I
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in internal medicine and the physiologic mechanisms underlying health and disease of large animals, at a level appropriate for the first year of an internal medicine MSc/MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor-and student-directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent, and permission of the instructor
LECTURES or SEMINAR: 1 hour
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8650 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL MEDICINE II
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in internal medicine and the physiologic mechanisms underlying health and disease of large animals, at a level appropriate for the second year of an internal medicine MSc/MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor-and student-directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent, VHM 8640 and permission of the instructor
LECTURES or SEMINAR: 1 hour
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8660 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL MEDICINE III
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in internal medicine and the physiologic mechanisms underlying health and disease of large animals, at a level appropriate for the third year of an internal medicine MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor-and student-directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent, VHM 8650 and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES or SEMINAR: 1 hour

VHM 8670 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY I
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in surgery, lameness and surgical diseases of large animals, at a level appropriate for the first year of a surgical MSc/MVSc Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8680 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY II
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in surgery, lameness and surgical diseases of large animals, at a level appropriate for the second year of a surgical MSc/MVSc – Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent, VHM 8670, and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8690 RECENT ADVANCES IN LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY III
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in surgery, lameness and surgical diseases of large animals, at a level appropriate for the third year of a surgical MSc/MVSc – Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent, VHM 8680, and permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8710 HERD HEALTH AND PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY CATTLE
This course provides graduate students with an understanding of the principles of Herd Health and Production Management programs, udder and foot health, control of infectious diseases, fertility, young stock rearing, and farm economics. Lab exercises include analysis of data of farms that are enrolled in the Herd Health and Production Management program of the Farm Service group of the AVC.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent and permission of the coordinator
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3 hours
LECTURE/LAB: 5 hours

VHM 8720 ADVANCED CLINICS IN EQUINE WELFARE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
This course provides in-depth training in equine welfare and preventive medicine and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of an ABVP (Equine) Diplomate, students spend 12 weeks in the Ambulatory Equine Service of the VTH. Topics emphasized in this course include application and understanding of the Equine Code of Practice, preventive medicine, infectious disease, dentistry and population/herd health. For this course, students are required to present an in-depth analysis of an equine clinical case once monthly in house officer rounds. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8730 EQUINE SPORTS MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION I
This course provides training in equine sports medicine and rehabilitation and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Students are expected to be at entry level and will be working under direct supervision of an ABVP (Equine) diplomate, and will spend 12 weeks in the Ambulatory Equine Service of the VTH. Topics include diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation techniques utilized to support the equine athlete from birth through adolescence, training, competition, injury, rehabilitation and retirement. Any necessary additional training in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques is provided. Students are involved in cases admitted to the VTH and those examined at farms and training facilities. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8740 EQUINE SPORTS MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION II
This course provides more advanced training in equine sports medicine and rehabilitation and is offered in any academic semester based on student enrolment. Under close supervision of an ABVP (Equine) diplomate, students spend 12 weeks in the Ambulatory Equine Service of the VTH. Students are expected to work more independently in performing diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation techniques utilized to support the equine athlete from birth through adolescence, training, competition, injury, rehabilitation and retirement. Any necessary additional training in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques is provided. Students are involved in cases admitted to the VTH and those examined at farms and training facilities. Students enrolled in this course are expected to participate in emergency duty.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8750 RECENT ADVANCES IN EQUINE SPORTS MEDICINE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE I
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in equine sport and preventive medicine, at a level appropriate for the first year of an Ambulatory Equine MSc/MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8760 RECENT ADVANCES IN EQUINE SPORTS MEDICINE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE II
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in equine sport and preventive medicine, at a level appropriate for the second year of an Ambulatory Equine MSc/MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8770 RECENT ADVANCES IN EQUINE SPORTS AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE III
This is a lecture/seminar course designed to review recent advances in equine sport and preventive medicine, at a level appropriate for the third year of an Ambulatory Equine MSc/MVSc-Residency program. The course will meet for one contact hour per week for the fall and winter semesters, and in the first summer session, and will involve a mix of instructor and student directed in-depth discussions of the relevant current literature or recently published texts. Considerable out-of-class preparation is required.
PREREQUISITES: DVM or equivalent and/or permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3

VHM 8810-8820 DIRECTED STUDIES
This course is a thorough study of a selected problem or topic in the discipline. The course may include directed reading, directed research, or collection and analysis of data. The student will prepare a written report and present a seminar on the topic.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1-3

VHM 8900 SEMINAR
In this course, students attend and present annual seminars on topics in their discipline, are evaluated on their seminars, and provide constructive criticism to others giving seminars in the course.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to MSc or MVSc program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1

VHM 9900 SEMINAR
This is a seminar course in which students attend and present annual seminars on topics in their discipline, are evaluated on their seminars, and provide constructive criticism to others giving seminars in the course.
PREREQUISITE: Admission to PhD program
HOURS OF CREDIT: 1

VPM 8020 ADVANCES IN PROTOZOOLOGY
This course is an in-depth study of recent advances in knowledge of the major protozoan parasites of animals. Lectures and seminars cover a variety of topics including developmental cycles, pathogenicity, immunogenicity, diagnostic procedures, and epidemiology of several protozoan diseases.
PREREQUISITE: Permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 2 hour
SEMINARS: 1 hour

VPM 8110 DISEASES OF CULTURED FISH
This course reviews fish culture systems and the diseases encountered in cultured fish. The lecture and laboratory course covers culture techniques for fin fish and shell fish and the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of fish diseases.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or BSc (Biology) and permission of instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LECTURES: 2 hours
LABORATORIES: 2 hours

VPM 8120 RECENT ADVANCES IN IMMUNOLOGY

HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINARS: 6 hours

VPM 8270 DIAGNOSTIC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY I
In this course, initial training in diagnostic clinical pathology during the fall is provided. Interpretations and presentations of clinical biochemistry, hematology, urology and cytology samples from a variety of species are undertaken by the student. Formal case discussions and directed reading supplement the clinical material, with emphasis on diseases prevalent in the summer and fall.
PREREQUISITE: DVM or equivalent degree, permission of the instructor
HOURS OF CREDIT: 3
LAB/SEMINARS: 6 hours